翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Burghausen Castle ・ Burghausen, Altötting ・ Burghclere ・ Burghclere railway station ・ Burghead ・ Burghead Fort ・ Burghead Thistle F.C. ・ Burghead Transmitting Station ・ Burgheard ・ Burgheard (disambiguation) ・ Burgheard of Lichfield ・ Burgheim ・ Burgher ・ Burgher (Boer republics) ・ Burgher (Church history) ・ Burgher arms ・ Burgher people ・ Burgher Recreation Club ・ Burghfield ・ Burghfield Bridge ・ Burghfield Brook ・ Burghfield Lock ・ Burghfield Sailing Club ・ Burghill ・ Burghill, Ohio ・ Burghina River ・ Burghley ・ Burghley Horse Trials ・ Burghley House ・ Burghley Nef Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Burgher arms ： ウィキペディア英語版 Burgher arms Burgher arms are coats of arms borne by persons of the ''burgher'' social class of continental Europe (usually called ''bourgeois'' in English) since the Middle Ages. By definition, the term is alien to British heraldry. Although the term ''burgher'' arms refers to the bourgeoisie, it is often extended also to arms of (Protestant) clergy and even to arms of peasants. In several European countries, the use of armorial bearings was restricted to a particular social class, e.g. the use of supporters in Great Britain, tinctures in Portugal or coronets in Sweden. In other countries, every individual, family and community has been free to adopt arms and use it as they please, provided they have not wrongfully assumed the arms of another.〔Michel Pastoureau, Heraldry: its origins and meaning (Thames & Hudson 1997), p. 14〕 Use of coats of arms by burghers and artisans began during the 13th century and in the 14th century some peasants took to using arms.〔Carl-Alexander von Volborth. Heraldry: Customs, Rules, and Styles. (Blandford Press, Dorset: 1981), p. 96〕 The arms of burghers bore a far wider variety of charges than the arms of nobility like everyday objects, in particular, tools. In burgher arms are met sometimes also house marks which are not met in arms of nobility. Most widespread burgher heraldry was and still is in Switzerland and in the Netherlands. In the Netherlands only a small percentage of the existing arms belong to the nobility.〔Carl-Alexander von Volborth. Heraldry: Customs, Rules, and Styles. (Blandford Press, Dorset: 1981), p. 106〕 Crest-coronets in burgher arms are correct only if the arms were granted by a sovereign and the coronet is explicitly mentioned in the grant.〔Carl-Alexander von Volborth. The Art of Heraldry. Tiger Books International, London. 1991, p. 59 ISBN 1-85501-154-9〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burgher arms」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.